Hello lovely students and welcome back to English with Lucy.
你们好，可爱的学生们，欢迎回到跟着 Lucy 学英语。
Today's lesson is going to be absolutely dreadful.
今天的课将会非常可怕。
Actually, I meant to say the opposite of that word, which is exactly what we're talking about today, antonyms.
实际上，我的意思刚好相反，这正是我们今天要谈论的，反义词。
Perhaps antonym is a new word for you, so let me quickly explain.
也许反义词对你来说是一个新词，所以让我快速解释一下。
An antonym is a word that has the opposite meaning to another word.
反义词是指与另一个词意思相反的词。
Think happy and sad.
想想快乐和悲伤。
This is opposed to synonym, which is a word that has the same meaning as another word.
这与同义词相反，同义词是一个与另一个词具有相同含义的词。
If you've ever found yourself searching for the perfect word to express the opposite of what you're feeling, you're in the right place.
如果你曾经发现自己在寻找一个完美的词来表达与你感受相反的东西，那么你来对地方了。
Learning antonyms is also a really cool way to double your vocabulary.
学习反义词也是让你的词汇量翻倍的一个非常酷的方法。
I'm going to teach you really beautiful words at B1 level, then we'll move to B2 and then finally C1, advanced, and I'm going to teach you the opposite of those words as well, the antonyms.
我将教你们 B1 级别的非常棒的单词，然后我们将进入 B2，最后是 C1，高级，我还将教你这些单词的反义词。
The lesson gets harder and harder as we go along.
随着课程的推进，这节课会越来越难。
Let's see how far you can get.
让我们看看你能坚持到哪里。
Now, as you can probably tell by the length of this video down here, you are going to learn a lot of vocabulary today.
你可能可以从下面这个视频的长度看出来，你今天会学到很多词汇。
So I have made a free PDF.
所以我制作了一个免费的 PDF。
I mean, it's virtually an ebook at this point.
我的意思是，它实际上是一本电子书。
There's a lot of information in there.
里面有很多信息。
It contains all of the words that we're discussing today, all in order, B1 to C1, all of the antonyms, phonetic transcriptions for all of them, definitions, example sentences, a quiz.
它包含了我们今天讨论的所有单词，所有的顺序，从 B1 到 C1，所有的反义词，所有反义词的音标，定义，例句，还有一个小测验。
It's a good one.
这是非常棒的。
If you're a teacher watching this, I recommend you download it because it's going to be an awesome resource.
如果正在观看的你是一位老师，我建议你下载它，因为它将是一个很棒的资源。
If you like it, it's yours.
如果你喜欢它，它就是你的了。
Just click on the link in the description box.
只需单击描述栏中的链接。
You enter your name and your email address.
输入你的姓名和电子邮件地址。
You sign up to my mailing list and the PDF will arrive directly in your inbox.
注册到我的邮件列表，PDF 将直接发送到你的收件箱。
After that, you've joined my PDF club.
之后，你就加入了我的 PDF 俱乐部。
You will automatically receive my free weekly PDFs alongside all of my news, course offers, and updates.
你每周将自动收到我的免费 PDF 以及我的所有新闻、课程优惠和更新。
It's a free service.
这是一项免费服务。
You can unsubscribe at any time.
你可以随时退订。
Right, let's get on with the lesson.
好的，我们继续上课。
I'm going to give you an adjective and then I'm going to tell you its antonym or antonyms, plural, because many words have more than one antonym.
我要给你一个形容词，然后我要告诉你它的反义词，不止一个，因为许多单词有不止一个反义词。
Do keep in mind that some of the antonyms I give you might be more advanced than the adjective I give you.
请记住，我给你的一些反义词可能比我给你的形容词更高级。
I've also tried to weave in some mini stories so you can see how these opposite words work together.
我也试着编入一些小故事，这样你就可以看到这些相反的词是如何一起使用的。
See if you notice those.
看看你能否注意到这些。
First up, B1 level.
首先是 B1 级别的。
Number one, grateful.
第一个，感激的。
Grateful.
感激的。
This is feeling or showing thanks.
这是指感觉或表示感谢。
Molly was extremely grateful when Tim helped her move house.
蒂姆帮助莫莉搬家时，莫莉非常感激。
Our first antonym, unappreciative.
我们的第一个反义词，不领情的。
Unappreciative.
不领情的。
Not feeling or showing thanks.
不感觉或表示感谢。
Tim felt Molly was unappreciative when she forgot to thank him for his hard work.
蒂姆觉得莫莉不领情，因为她忘了感谢他的辛勤工作。
Two, Amazed.
第二，惊讶的。
Amazed.
惊讶的。
Greatly surprised or impressed.
非常惊讶或者印象深刻。
June was amazed at the view from the mountain top.
琼对山顶的景色感到惊讶。
Our antonym is unimpressed.
我们的反义词是不为所动。
Unimpressed.
不为所动。
Martha was unimpressed by the view, claiming she had seen better.
玛莎对这景色不为所动，说她见过更好的风景。
Three, cheerful.
第三个，开朗的。
Cheerful.
开朗的。
Happy and optimistic.
快乐乐观。
My cousin is always cheerful in the mornings.
我表弟早上总是很开朗。
Grumpy.
脾气暴躁的。
Grumpy.
脾气暴躁的。
This is bad-tempered and irritable.
这是指坏脾气且易怒。
I, for one, am typically quite grumpy before I've had my coffee.
就我而言，我在喝咖啡之前通常会脾气暴躁。
Number four, private.
第四个，私人的。
Private.
私人的。
This is intended for a particular personal group, not for people in general to know about.
这是针对特定个人群体的，一般人不知道。
Lucille prefers to keep her life private.
露西尔喜欢把她的生活保密。
The opposite, public.
反义词是，公众的。
Public.
公共的。
Known to everyone.
大家都知道的。
Her uncle, Mark, on the other hand, is an open book and lives a very public life.
另一方面，她的叔叔马克就像是一本打开的书，过着非常公开的生活。
Five, rough.
第五个，粗糙的。
Rough.
粗糙的。
Having an uneven surface.
有不平的表面。
The road by our house was so rough that driving became a challenge.
我们家附近的路太崎岖了，开车很难。
The opposite, smooth.
反义词是光滑的。
Evenly flat or level.
很均匀平坦或水平的。
Once the road was resurfaced, it became smooth and now it's my favourite road to drive on.
一旦道路重新铺设，它就变得光滑了，现在这是我最喜欢的道路。
Doesn't everyone have a favourite road if they drive?
不是每个人开车都有自己喜欢的路吗？
Six, qualified.
第六个，合格的。
Qualified.
合格的。
Competent or knowledgeable to perform a job.
有能力或知识来完成一项工作。
Janet is highly qualified for her role in finance and feels confident at work.
珍妮特能够很好地胜任她在金融领域的角色，并且在工作中感到自信。
Incompetent.
不称职的。
Incompetent.
不称职的。
Not having the skills to do something well.
没有能力做好某事。
But for many years, she was incompetent and often made many errors.
但多年来，她都很不称职，经常犯很多错误。
We also have unfit.
我们也有不合适的。
Unfit.
不合适的。
This means not suitable or qualified.
这意味着不适合或不合格。
Her former boss thought she was unfit for her previous position, leading to her dismissal.
她的前老板认为她不适合以前的职位，导致她被解雇。
Seven, fascinating.
第七个，迷人的。
Fascinating.
迷人的。
This means extremely interesting.
这意味着非常有趣。
Paul is an absolute history buff and finds all things history fascinating.
保罗是一个绝对的历史爱好者，他发现所有的历史都令人着迷。
Dull.
沉闷的。
Dull.
沉闷的。
Not interesting.
不有趣。
Unfortunately, his daughter thinks his "fun history facts" are incredibly dull.
不幸的是，他的女儿认为他的“有趣的历史事实”非常沉闷。
Eight, Shy.
第八个，害羞的。
Shy.
害羞的。
Nervous or timid in social situations.
在社交场合紧张或胆小。
I've always been shy and prefer smaller gatherings.
我一直很害羞，更喜欢小型聚会。
Outgoing.
外向的。
Outgoing.
外向的。
Sociable and eager to meet people.
善于交际，渴望与人交往。
Unlike me, my sister is quite outgoing, making new friends wherever she is.
不像我，我妹妹很外向，无论她在哪里都能结交新朋友。
Nine, basic.
第九个，基础的。
Basic.
基础的。
This means very simple.
这个意思很简单。
This recipe for banana bread is fairly basic but delicious.
这个香蕉面包的食谱相当基础，但很美味。
Elaborate.
详尽的。
Elaborate.
详尽的。
Detailed and complicated.
详细而复杂。
A more elaborate version of the recipe includes exotic spices.
这个食谱的更详尽的版本包含了异国情调的香料。
10, proud.
第 10 个，骄傲的。
Proud.
骄傲的。
Feeling deep pleasure or satisfaction as a result of achievements.
由于成就而感到深深的快乐或满足。
Carla is proud of her accomplishments and doesn't forget to celebrate her small wins.
卡拉为自己的成就感到骄傲，并不忘庆祝自己的小胜利。
Humble.
谦逊的。
Humble.
谦逊的。
Not having or showing feelings of superiority.
没有或表现出优越感。
In contrast, her colleague Ben, is extremely humble and downplays his achievements to a fault, to his detriment.
相比之下，她的同事本非常谦虚，并将自己的成就轻描淡写，这对他不利。
11, Brave.
第 11 个，勇敢的。
Brave.
勇敢的。
Showing courage and fearlessness.
表现出勇气和无畏。
It was very brave of you to stop that man from stealing my bag.
你阻止那个人偷我的包真是太勇敢了。
On the other hand, we have cowardly.
另一方面，我们有怯懦的。
Cowardly.
怯懦的。
Lacking courage or resolution.
缺乏勇气或决心。
His actions were that of a cowardly man, especially when he tried to deny the whole thing.
他的行为很怯懦，尤其是当他试图否认整件事的时候。
12, generous.
第 12 个，大方的。
Generous.
大方的。
Willing to give more of something, especially money or time, than is strictly necessary or expected.
愿意付出比绝对必要或预期更多的东西，尤其是金钱或时间。
My mum is very generous, always volunteering and donating to charity.
我妈妈非常大方，总是志愿服务并向慈善机构捐款。
Selfish.
自私的。
Selfish.
自私的。
Lacking consideration for others.
缺乏对他人的考虑。
Concerned chiefly, mainly with one's own personal profit or pleasure.
主要地关心自己的个人利益或快乐。
My father can be rather selfish and doesn't often think about others.
我父亲相当自私，不常为别人着想。
By the way, that is not true.
顺便说一句，这不是真的。
My father is not at all selfish.
我父亲一点也不自私。
13, obvious.
第 13 个，显而易见的。
Obvious.
显而易见的。
Easily perceived or understood.
容易感知或理解的。
I thought it was so obvious that Max was into you!
我以为麦克斯喜欢你太明显了！
To be into someone is to be interested romantically.
喜欢某人就是对因为爱而感兴趣。
On the other hand, we have unclear.
另一方面，我们有不清楚的。
Unclear.
不清楚的。
Not easy to understand.
不容易理解的。
But after reading the messages he sent you, it's rather unclear.
但看了他发给你的信息后，就不太清楚了。
14, calm.
第 14 个，冷静的。
Calm.
冷静的。
This is feeling a sense of peace.
这是一种平静的感觉。
Sophie remained calm during the heated debate, effortlessly making her points.
苏菲在激烈的辩论中保持冷静，毫不费力地提出了自己的观点。
Frenzied.
疯狂的。
Frenzied.
疯狂的。
Wildly excited or uncontrolled.
极度兴奋或者不受控制的。
In contrast, her opponent became frenzied, raising his voice and speaking rapidly.
相比之下，她的对手变得疯狂起来，提高了声音，说话很快。
We also have Agitated.
我们也有躁动的。
Agitated.
躁动的。
Feeling or appearing troubled or nervous.
感觉或表现出烦恼或紧张。
Even after the debate ended, he still appeared agitated, unable to relax.
即使在辩论结束后，他仍然显得焦躁不安，无法放松。
15, Standard.
第 15 个，标准的。
Standard.
标准的。
This is conforming to established norms.
符合既定的规范。
The doctor described the procedure as being quite standard and following all normal guidelines.
医生描述说这个程序相当标准，遵循所有正常的指导方针。
Unconventional.
非常规的。
Unconventional.
非常规的。
Not based on what is generally done.
没有基于一般的做法。
However, he stated that there was a new approach that was unconventional but more effective.
然而，他指出，有一种非常规但更有效的新方法。
16, tight.
第 16 个，紧的。
Tight.
紧的。
Firmly held in place.
牢牢地固定在原地。
I made sure the knot on my son's shoe was tight and secure before he ran off to play.
在我儿子跑去玩之前，我确保他鞋子上的结又紧又安全。
Loose.
宽松的。
Loose.
宽松的。
Not securely held in place.
没有安全地固定到位。
30 minutes later, the knot became loose again and needed retying.
30 分钟后，结又松了，需要重新打结。
17, confident.
第 17 个，自信的。
Confident.
自信的。
Certain of oneself or of an outcome.
对自己或结果很确信。
Roger was confident he would get the lead role in the Christmas pantomime.
罗杰对他会在圣诞哑剧中扮演主角感到很自信。
A pantomime is a show performed at Christmas time that often features celebrities, someone in drag.
哑剧是一种在圣诞节表演的节目，通常聚焦名人，会有人变装。
It's slapstick comedy for children, but there are hidden naughty jokes for the adults.
这对孩子们来说是闹剧，但对成年人来说却是有隐藏的淘气笑话。
On the other hand, we have uncertain.
另一方面，我们有不定的。
Uncertain, which means not sure.
不定的，意思是不确定。
I was uncertain about his chances after seeing his dreadful audition.
看到他可怕的试镜后，我对他能否得到机会感到不确定。
Okay, you've made it this far.
好吧，你已经坚持到了这里。
Let's move on to more of a B2 level.
让我们开始讲解更多的 B2 级别的单词。
We have number 18, aggressive.
我们有第 18 个，咄咄逼人的。
Aggressive.
咄咄逼人的。
Confrontational and assertive.
对抗且自信的。
James's aggressive negotiating style often puts others off.
詹姆斯咄咄逼人的谈判风格常常让别人望而却步。
Passive.
被动的。
Passive.
被动的。
Accepting without resistance.
毫无抵抗地接受。
His colleague Brenda adopts a passive approach during business dealings, never voicing her ideas or concerns.
他的同事布伦达在商业交易中采取被动的方式，从不表达她的想法或担忧。
19, anxious.
第 19 个，焦虑的。
This means worried and tense.
这意味着担心和紧张。
We all felt anxious about the coming exam, constantly reviewing our notes when we had downtime.
我们都对即将到来的考试感到焦虑，休息时不断地复习笔记。
Relaxed.
放松的。
Relaxed.
放松的。
Free from tension and anxiety.
不紧张和焦虑。
But come exam day, we all felt shockingly relaxed because of our excessive studying.
但是到了考试那天，我们都因为过度学习而感到非常放松。
20, dishonest.
第 20 个，不诚实的。
Dishonest, not honest.
不诚实的，不诚信。
My neighbour's children were decidedly dishonest when I questioned them about my broken window.
当我质问邻居的孩子们我打破的窗户时，他们显然是不诚实的。
Truthful.
真实的。
Truthful.
真实的。
Honest and straightforward.
诚实和直率的。
When their father got involved, the children suddenly became truthful, admitting that they had indeed broken the window while playing cricket in the garden.
当他们的父亲介入时，孩子们突然变得诚实，承认他们确实在花园里打板球时打破了窗户。
21, confusing.
第 21 个，令人困惑的。
Confusing.
令人困惑的。
This is difficult to understand.
很难理解的。
The lecture was so confusing that even the brightest students were left scratching their heads.
讲座太混乱了，即使是最聪明的学生也摸不着头脑。
Straightforward.
直截了当的。
Straightforward.
直截了当的。
This means easy to understand.
这意味着容易理解。
Luckily, the professor's clarifications were straightforward, instantly clearing up the confusion.
幸好，教授的解释直截了当，瞬间消除了困惑。
22, dramatic.
第 22 个，戏剧性的。
Dramatic.
戏剧性的。
Striking or sensational in appearance or effect.
在外观或效果上引人注目的或耸人听闻的。
The sunset was dramatic, painting the sky in vivid hues.
日落是戏剧性的，把天空画成生动的色相。
Understated.
低调的。
Understated.
低调的。
Appearing or expressed in a subtle way.
以微妙的方式出现或表达。
The following morning had an understated beauty, with soft light illuminating the horizon.
第二天早上有一种低调的美，柔和的光线照亮了地平线。
We also have mundane.
我们还有平凡的。
Mundane.
平凡的。
Meaning ordinary and dull.
意思是普通和乏味的。
My daily commute on the underground felt mundane compared to the spectacle of nature I'd witnessed.
与我目睹的自然奇观相比，我每天在地铁上的通勤感觉很平凡。
23, offensive.
第 23 个，冒犯的。
Offensive.
冒犯的。
This means causing someone to feel hurt or upset.
这意味着让某人感到受伤或不安。
Carlo is a popular comedian whose jokes are so offensive that people often walk out of his shows.
卡罗是一位受欢迎的喜剧演员，他的笑话非常冒犯，以至于人们经常退出他的节目。
Inoffensive.
不讨人嫌的。
Inoffensive.
不讨人嫌的。
Not causing offence or harm.
不造成冒犯或伤害。
He decided to change his routine and his opening act was surprisingly inoffensive, appealing to a broader audience.
他决定改变他的常规，他的开场表演出人意料地不讨人嫌，吸引了更多的观众。
Pleasant.
令人愉快的。
Pleasant.
令人愉快的。
Giving a sense of happy satisfaction.
给人一种快乐的满足感。
His entire set turned out to be quite pleasant.
他的整个布景都很令人愉快。
Desperate.
绝望的。
Desperate.
绝望的。
Feeling or showing a hopeless sense that a situation is so bad it's almost impossible to deal with.
感觉或表现出一种无望的感觉，认为情况如此糟糕，几乎无法应对。
Out of work and low on funds, Joanne felt desperate.
由于失业和资金不足，乔安妮感到绝望。
Hopeful.
充满希望的。
Hopeful.
充满希望的。
Feeling or inspiring optimism about a future event.
对未来事件感到或鼓舞乐观。
However, after a promising job interview, she became hopeful.
然而，在一次充满希望的工作面试后，她变得充满希望。
25, steady.
第 25 个，稳定的。
Steady.
稳定的。
This is not moving or held firmly in place.
这是不移动或很牢固的。
The surgeon's steady hand was crucial during the delicate operation.
外科医生稳健的手在精细的手术中至关重要。
Shaky.
摇摇晃晃的。
Shaky.
摇摇晃晃的。
Not firm or securely fixed; likely to move or break.
不牢固或固定的；可能移动或断裂。
It can also mean physically trembling.
它也可以指身体上的颤抖。
The intern's shaky hand made everyone nervous.
实习生颤抖的手让所有人都紧张起来。
